Updated: 17.06.2020
Abbreviations are short forms of lengthy expressions. Abbreviations are in use in almost every discipline and area of life from commonly used abbreviations. Looking at Latin, the root of the English language, is a good way to decipher abbreviations. The most popular abbreviations that we use in our day to day life are derived from this ancient language. [1] [2]
- AD: Anno Domini, or "The Year of Our Lord."
- AM: Ante meridian
- BC: before Christ
- e.g.: exampli gratia, for example [3]
- et al.: et alii
- etc.: et cetera
- f. (singular): folio
- ff. (plural): foliis
- i.e.: id est, That is; in other words; that is to say. often confused with e.g.: i.e. is used to explain, clarify or rephrase a statement; e.g. is used to list examples. [4]
- ibid.: ibidem
- N.B.: nota bene
- op. cit.: opere citato
- per cent.: per centum
- Ph.D.: Philosophiæ Doctor
- PM: Post meridian
- P.S.: post scriptum, literary afterthought (at the end of any text) [5]
- Re: in re, with regard to [6]
- s.o.s.: si opus sit
- Sic.: sic erat scriptum
- stat.: statim, at once [7]
- viz: videlicet, namely [8]
- v.i.: vide infra, see below [9]
- v.s.: vide supra, see above [10]
- vs.: versus
References